{"id":634,"date":"2023-09-25T13:30:56","date_gmt":"2023-09-25T13:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/?p=634"},"modified":"2023-09-25T13:52:02","modified_gmt":"2023-09-25T13:52:02","slug":"ip-2-artificial-intelligence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/?p=634","title":{"rendered":"IP 2 &#8211; Artificial Intelligence"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"634\" class=\"elementor elementor-634\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7783656 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7783656\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ba8b5e5\" data-id=\"ba8b5e5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dbb76b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4dbb76b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.10.1 - 17-01-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"141\" src=\"https:\/\/met.for.education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/AI_Pioneers-1024x226.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-636\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/met.for.education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/AI_Pioneers-1024x226.png 1024w, https:\/\/met.for.education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/AI_Pioneers-300x66.png 300w, https:\/\/met.for.education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/AI_Pioneers-768x169.png 768w, https:\/\/met.for.education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/AI_Pioneers-1536x338.png 1536w, https:\/\/met.for.education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/AI_Pioneers-850x187.png 850w, https:\/\/met.for.education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/AI_Pioneers.png 1552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eeefba4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eeefba4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a23340\" data-id=\"6a23340\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d9922a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5d9922a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.10.1 - 17-01-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Question 1<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-684809b elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"684809b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.10.1 - 17-01-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-divider{--divider-border-style:none;--divider-border-width:1px;--divider-color:#2c2c2c;--divider-icon-size:20px;--divider-element-spacing:10px;--divider-pattern-height:24px;--divider-pattern-size:20px;--divider-pattern-url:none;--divider-pattern-repeat:repeat-x}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider{display:flex}.elementor-widget-divider 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var(--divider-color)}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern{--divider-border-style:none}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern.elementor-widget-divider--view-line .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not([class*=elementor-widget-divider--view]) .elementor-divider-separator{width:100%;min-height:var(--divider-pattern-height);-webkit-mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;-webkit-mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);background-color:var(--divider-color);-webkit-mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url);mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url)}.elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing{--divider-pattern-size:auto}.elementor-widget-divider--bg-round{--divider-pattern-repeat:round}.rtl .elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{direction:rtl}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-divider,.e-con>.elementor-widget-divider{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1c760fa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1c760fa\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ffb9a0\" data-id=\"6ffb9a0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-983f340 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"983f340\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Alan Turing<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-901aa1e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"901aa1e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7923cea\" data-id=\"7923cea\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a5025ff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a5025ff\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b33a2c6\" data-id=\"b33a2c6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-188686d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"188686d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.10.1 - 17-01-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Alan Turing, an English Mathematician who highlights his talents in machine learning and cryptanalysis (Biography.com Editors, 2020). Some big milestones of his life are introducing the foundational idea of artificial intelligence and leading the argument of machine thinking (Biography.com Editors, 2020). \u00a0The Turing Test is intended to assess a machine&#8217;s capacity to display intelligent behaviour that is comparable to that of a person (Turing, 1950).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fac8625\" data-id=\"fac8625\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41081c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"41081c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Alan Turing was a brilliant British mathematician and computer scientist. He contributed to the development of artificial intelligence by proposing the concept of a universal computing machine (Turing machine) and by formulating the famous Turing test to identify intelligence based on a machine&#8217;s ability to mimic human conversation. Turing believed that intelligence could be identified through a machine&#8217;s capability to engage in indistinguishable conversation with a human evaluator (OpenAI, 2023).&nbsp;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43c2c6e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43c2c6e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e89ee87\" data-id=\"e89ee87\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49ae5dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"49ae5dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">John McCarthy<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-54f81cd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"54f81cd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-92995c9\" data-id=\"92995c9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ffbd1e7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ffbd1e7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-09fed2c\" data-id=\"09fed2c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4b1100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f4b1100\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>John McCarthy, an American Computer Scientist who we now known as \u201cthe Father of AI\u201d. He dedicated his research to Artificial Intelligence by developing time-sharing and inventing the first programming language &#8211; LISP (Stanford University, n.d.). His idea about intelligence is about the computational part of the ability to solve problems, which could apply to people, animals and even machines (McCarthy, 2007)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8b558ae\" data-id=\"8b558ae\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f43a0b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f43a0b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>John McCarthy was an American computer scientist and one of the pioneers in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). He made significant contributions to AI by coining the term &#8220;artificial intelligence&#8221; and developing the programming language LISP, which became widely used in AI research. McCarthy believed that intelligence could be identified through the ability to solve complex problems, reason logically, learn from experience, and exhibit human-like behavior in various domains (OpenAI, 2023).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-045db6f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"045db6f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9cd02a9\" data-id=\"9cd02a9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15c1fd1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"15c1fd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Herbert Simon<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-22dece2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"22dece2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dbdf07b\" data-id=\"dbdf07b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d73d6e5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d73d6e5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f9a890\" data-id=\"8f9a890\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4c62d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e4c62d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Coming from a social science background, Herbert Simon emphasizes data collection as the fundamental key to better analyzing situations and helping people make choices\u00a0 (UBS Nobel Perspective, n.d.). He also introduced a new way of looking at problems and solutions. Compared to the other AI giants, he took a step back to tackle of source of machine learning (UBS Nobel Perspective, n.d.).\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e41aee\" data-id=\"1e41aee\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0525a7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0525a7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Herbert Simon was an American economist and cognitive psychologist. He contributed to the development of artificial intelligence by proposing the concept of &#8220;bounded rationality&#8221; and developing decision-making models. He believed that intelligence could be identified through problem-solving abilities and the ability to achieve goals efficiently (OpenAI, 2023).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dfc7ddb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dfc7ddb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-053ea32\" data-id=\"053ea32\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93209c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"93209c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Marvin Minsky<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a363374 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a363374\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d8f0b20\" data-id=\"d8f0b20\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ee56732 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ee56732\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9d76df5\" data-id=\"9d76df5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47a9f26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"47a9f26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Marvin Minsky was an AI researcher who co-founded MIT\u2019s AI Laboratory and created some of the first neural network learning machines (BBC, 2016). Minsky believed that the brain was a basically a machine that could be replicated in a computer, including the ability for common sense reasoning (BBC, 2016).\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9f754c8\" data-id=\"9f754c8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f0bbaa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f0bbaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Marvin Minsky was a pioneering AI researcher known for his contributions to artificial intelligence. He co-founded the MIT AI Laboratory, developed the concept of neural networks, and explored the idea that intelligence could be understood as a collection of problem-solving heuristics rather than a single algorithm (OpenAI, 2023).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4b6716f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4b6716f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3306eee\" data-id=\"3306eee\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b09a2f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b09a2f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Timnit Gebru<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-58fc781 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"58fc781\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-48fba50\" data-id=\"48fba50\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-24aa086 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"24aa086\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b5285bb\" data-id=\"b5285bb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-857f002 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"857f002\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Timnit Gebru is a leading researcher on diversity and Artificial Intelligence who Google forced out, it seems to produce research that in part brings into question Google\u2019s (and others) practices around the use of AI (Hao, 2020). Gebru believed that models like ChatGPT would be dangerous due to its inability to understand cultures that were less represented on the internet and cultural nuances of language (Hao, 2020).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-33ac9c0\" data-id=\"33ac9c0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f785828 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f785828\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Timnit Gebru was a prominent AI researcher and advocate for diversity in the field. She co-authored influential research on bias in AI systems. Her work emphasized the importance of addressing ethical and social implications in AI, and she believed that intelligence could not be identified without considering broader societal contexts (OpenAI, 2023).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6df5206 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6df5206\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1f67659\" data-id=\"1f67659\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b15f45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5b15f45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Question 2<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bf2ce5 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6bf2ce5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b474c28 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b474c28\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-af64482\" data-id=\"af64482\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ecbcb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ecbcb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How do \u201cmachine (programming) languages\u201d differ from human (natural) ones? (~100 words).<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fba4c88 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fba4c88\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-45b6ede\" data-id=\"45b6ede\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0db4098 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0db4098\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-63e2885\" data-id=\"63e2885\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab73b38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ab73b38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Machine and human languages both contain structures and are both used for the same purpose, which is to communicate. That be said there is few key difference between people language and programming language that important as demonstrat this write. Human language changes and evolves and an important aspect of human languages and communication is that even with all the errors in my previous sentence, it can still be understood (Harris, 2018). Programming languages must be perfect or cannot be understood by the machine, will produce errors and not run properly (Harris, 2018). Humans can understand language despite imperfections.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7a13cb6\" data-id=\"7a13cb6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5f2e8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5f2e8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Programming languages are artificial, formal systems designed for instructing computers, emphasizing precision, and using strict syntax and semantics. They serve to create algorithms and software. In contrast, human languages are natural, evolving communication tools used by people to convey thoughts and emotions, featuring nuanced grammar, context, and cultural elements. While human languages prioritize expressive communication, programming languages focus on conveying explicit instructions to machines (OpenAI, 2023).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-52558b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"52558b6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c477127\" data-id=\"c477127\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03cc492 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"03cc492\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Question 3<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b807f4f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"b807f4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-33cacb4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"33cacb4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4d8f589\" data-id=\"4d8f589\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77f7e21 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"77f7e21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How does \u201cmachine (artificial) intelligence\u201d differ from the human version? (~100 words).<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f559e08 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f559e08\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d46173b\" data-id=\"d46173b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-86468cb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"86468cb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e1edd04\" data-id=\"e1edd04\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8216d3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8216d3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Machine\/AI Intelligence is basically the level of intelligence of a poorly done research paper, one where a student just pieces together data from a bunch of different sources and inputs without adding in their own original thoughts and ideas. Based on the competence of the people who designed the AI, the AI will be more or less effective at these tasks but at this point, AI does not appear to be able to handle tasks which deviates significantly from its training data or assumptions of its creators (Chollet, 2019, p. 3).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d4555b2\" data-id=\"d4555b2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1514a22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1514a22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Machine intelligence, or artificial intelligence (AI), refers to computer systems designed to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, like learning, problem-solving, and decision-making, but it operates based on algorithms and data. Human intelligence, on the other hand, encompasses a broader range of capabilities, including emotional understanding, creativity, empathy, and complex reasoning, often influenced by emotions and consciousness. Human intelligence is highly adaptable, can handle diverse tasks with minimal training, and possesses the ability to understand context, nuances, and the world&#8217;s intricacies, whereas machine intelligence is limited to specific, programmed tasks and lacks consciousness or emotional understanding (OpenAI, 2023).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-06ca71f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"06ca71f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-89dbe24\" data-id=\"89dbe24\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ca0afa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5ca0afa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Question 4<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1474e2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c1474e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7ee412c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7ee412c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b7286d\" data-id=\"2b7286d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9e5351 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d9e5351\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How does \u201cmachine learning\u201d differ from human learning? (~100 words) <\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cc1fe76 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cc1fe76\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-81f2450\" data-id=\"81f2450\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-28c054c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"28c054c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ad5e260\" data-id=\"ad5e260\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb1c4e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bb1c4e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Machine learning differs from human learning in that it does not adapt or evolve unless given new data and it\u2019s outputs will be determined based off of the inputs it has received. An easy example of this is that a machine that is fed racist data will always end up racist (Buolamwini, 2019). A child with racist parents may and is probably more likely to end up racist but could also determine on their own that even though they have received prominently racist data, they reject the data and the ideas and do not hold onto those racist ideas (Heilweil, 2020).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d61e93\" data-id=\"8d61e93\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d1ee0d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d1ee0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence where computers learn from data and make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed. It relies on algorithms and statistical patterns. Human learning is the cognitive process by which individuals acquire knowledge, skills, and understanding through experience, education, and observation. It involves complex cognitive functions, emotional awareness, and the ability to generalize knowledge across various domains. Unlike machines, humans can adapt to new situations, demonstrate creativity, and possess consciousness, making their learning process far more versatile and nuanced than that of machines (OpenAI, 2023).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-468a317 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"468a317\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-642af91\" data-id=\"642af91\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b059252 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b059252\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Question 5<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03bd0ba elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"03bd0ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a80841c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a80841c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-03dc42c\" data-id=\"03dc42c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae3b400 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ae3b400\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How do YOUR answers to these questions differ from what a machine could generate? make sure you reference the specific differences between your answers and ChatGPT's. (~200 words)<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e40659d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e40659d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-55b7ffb\" data-id=\"55b7ffb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64d8066 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"64d8066\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Extrapolating based on a comparison between ChatGPT and my own writing there are a couple of key differences between the writing of the machine versus my own writing. Machines will put out formal, grammatically correct responses each and every time, unless instructed otherwise. The machines do not have the ability to judge context in the same way we do in order to determine the structure or level of formality to give its output. In order to prove a point, I intentionally made errors in one of my responses, something I would be shocked to see from a machine answering the same question. As a EAL learner, I also know I may not have perfect syntax, structure or word choices but am generally forgiven for these mistakes as most people do not get hung up on small mistakes. I would not expect to see the same types of mistakes made by a machine, nor do I think people would be as forgiving of a machine as they are of me. I also have never fabricated sources for my research (Neumeister, 2023). My answers also incorporated life experience, general knowledge and personal opinion, something the machine responses did not.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2648c7a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2648c7a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4bb15e1\" data-id=\"4bb15e1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44443e0 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"44443e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-terminal\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d9a3a75 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d9a3a75\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b2bd3a3\" data-id=\"b2bd3a3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ddfdfd9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ddfdfd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>References:<\/p>\n<p>BBC. (2016, January 26).&nbsp;<em>Ai pioneer Marvin Minsky dies aged 88<\/em>. BBC News. https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/technology-35409119<\/p><p>Biography.com Editors. (2020, July 23).&nbsp;<em>Alan Turing Biography.<\/em>&nbsp;The Biography.com.&nbsp;https:\/\/www.biography.com\/scientists\/alan-turing<\/p><p>Buolamwini, J. (2019, February 7). <em>Artificial intelligence has a problem with gender and racial bias. Here&#8217;s how to solve it<\/em>. Time. Retrieved from https:\/\/time.com\/5520558\/ai-artificial-intelligence-bias-gender-race\/<\/p><p>Chollet, F. (2019<em>). On the measure of intelligence<\/em>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arxiv.1911.01547<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Harris, A. (2018, October 31).&nbsp;<em>Human languages vs. programming languages.&nbsp;<\/em>Medium.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Hao, K. (2020). <em>We read the paper that forced Timnit Gebru out of Google. Here\u2019s what it says<\/em>. MIT Technology Review.https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/2020\/12\/04\/1013294\/google-ai-ethics-research-paper-forced-out-timnit-gebru<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Heilweil, R. (2020, February 18). <em>Why algorithms can be racist and sexist. A computer can make a decision faster. That doesn&#8217;t make it fair<\/em>. Vox. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.vox.com\/recode\/2020\/2\/18\/21028526\/algorithms-ai-machine-learning-race-gender-bias<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>McCarthy, J. (2007). What Is Artificial Intelligence? http:\/\/jmc.stanford.edu\/articles\/whatisai\/whatisai.pdf<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Neumeister, L. (2023, June 8). <em>Lawyers blame ChatGPT for tricking them into citing bogus case law<\/em>. AP News. https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/artificial-intelligence-chatgpt-courts-e15023d7e6fdf4f099aa122437dbb59b<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (GPT-3.5 version) [Large language model]. https:\/\/chat.openai.com<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Stanford University (n.d.). <em>Professor John McCarthy<\/em>. &nbsp;http:\/\/jmc.stanford.edu\/index.html<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>UBS Nobel Perspectives. (n.d.).<em> Herbert Simon: Father of Artificial Intelligence<\/em>. &nbsp;https:\/\/www.ubs.com\/microsites\/nobel-perspectives\/en\/laureates\/herbert-simon.html<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Question 1 Alan Turing Alan Turing, an English Mathematician who highlights his talents in machine learning and cryptanalysis (Biography.com Editors, 2020). Some big milestones of his life are introducing the foundational idea of artificial intelligence and leading the argument of machine thinking (Biography.com Editors, 2020). \u00a0The Turing Test is intended to assess a machine&#8217;s capacity&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-634","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-intellectual-property"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/634","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=634"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/634\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":644,"href":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/634\/revisions\/644"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=634"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=634"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/met.for.education\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=634"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}